Tuesday, December 6, 2011

Emerging markets will boost oil demand: Petrobas

Emerging markets demand has doubled world oil consumption in five years. To meet rising demand from emerging markets, Petrobas plans to increase production to 3 million barrels a day by 2015.?

Worldwide oil consumption has more than doubled in the past five years, and?Petrobras?plans to grow with it, Chief Executive Jose Sergio Gabrielli de Azevedo told CNBC Thursday.

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"In the last five years, worldwide consumption of oil products has grown from three million barrels a day to seven million barrels, said the CEO of the world's third-largest oil producer.

?That growth wasn't from the U.S., Europe or Japan, but from increasing consumption in China, India, South American and African countries.

?As "people move up the income ladder, they consume more energy" in these emerging growth markets, he said.

?At the same time, it is becoming harder and more expensive for Petrobras and its competitors to find new sources of supply.

?"We are going to have a very tight market in 2012," he said. "At the same time, we have low interest rates, which means that by the year 2012 we are [probably] going to see prices above $100 per barrel on average, but very high volatility, because we have a lot of speculative contracts that have been traded in the market right now."

?To meet growing demand, the Brazilian oil company plans to increase production to three million barrels a day by 2015.

?"In order to increase our production we have to add 19 production systems from now to 2015," said Gabrielli. "We have 16 of those under construction right now. We have under contract the three additional ones."

By 2020, Petrobras wants to produce five million barrels a day, he added.

?About 95 percent of the company's $224.7 billion in investment will be in Brazil, but the CEO said Petrobras also plans to invest $4 billion in the next four years in the U.S. The company already has a refinery in Texas and is actively exploring in the Gulf of Mexico.

?Brazil's growth rate, expected to be around 4 percent this year, is better than "the 1 percent or 2 percent you see in Europe and other countries," but not as strong as last year, when the growth rate was 7.3 percent.

"This is going to open opportunities for American companies to move to Brazil and to create jobs in Brazil," Gabrielli said. "We did a lot of creation of jobs already in the U.S."

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/BZ8W14CX89A/Emerging-markets-will-boost-oil-demand-Petrobas

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Iran says it shot down unmanned US spy plane (AP)

TEHRAN, Iran ? Iran's armed forces have shot down an unmanned U.S. spy plane that violated Iranian airspace along the country's eastern border, the official IRNA news agency reported Sunday.

An unidentified military official quoted in the report warned of a strong and crushing response to any violations of the country's airspace by American drone aircraft.

"An advanced RQ-170 unmanned American spy plane was shot down by Iran's armed forces. It suffered minor damage and is now in possession of Iran's armed forces," IRNA quoted the official as saying.

No further details were published.

The U.S.-led coalition in Afghanistan said in a statement the aircraft may be an American drone that its operators lost contact with last week while it was flying a mission over neighboring western Afghanistan.

Iran is locked in a dispute with the U.S. and its allies over Tehran's disputed nuclear program, which the West believes is aimed at developing nuclear weapons. Iran denies the accusations, saying its nuclear program is entirely peaceful and that it seeks to generate electricity and produce isotopes to treat medical patients.

The type of aircraft Iran says it downed, an RQ-170 Sentinel, is made by Lockheed Martin and was reportedly used to keep watch on Osama bin Laden's compound in Pakistan as the raid that killed him was taking place earlier this year.

The surveillance aircraft is equipped with stealth technology, but the U.S. Air Force has not made public any specifics about the drone.

Iran said in January that two pilotless spy planes it had shot down over its airspace were operated by the United States and offered to put them on public display. In July, Iranian military officials showed Russian experts several U.S. drones they said were shot down in recent years.

Also in July, Iranian lawmaker Ali Aghazadeh Dafsari said Iran's Revolutionary Guard shot down an unmanned U.S. spy plane that was trying to gather information on an underground uranium enrichment site.

Dafsari said the pilotless plane was flying over the Fordo facility near the holy city of Qom in central Iran but the Guard denied the report, saying its air defenses had only hit a test target.

Iran publicly confirmed for the first time in Feb. 2005 that the United States has been flying surveillance drones over its airspace to spy on its nuclear and military facilities.

The Islamic Republic holds frequent military drills, primarily to assert an ability to defend against a potential U.S. or Israeli attack on its nuclear facilities.

Tehran has focused part of its military strategy on producing drones for reconnaissance and attacking purposes.

Iran announced three years ago it had built an unmanned aircraft with a range of more than 600 miles (1,000 kilometers), far enough to reach Israel.

Ahmadinejad unveiled Iran's first domestically built unmanned bomber aircraft in August 2010, calling it an "ambassador of death" to Iran's enemies.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/iran/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111204/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_iran_drone

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Monday, December 5, 2011

'Label-free' imaging tool tracks nanotubes in cells, blood for biomedical research

'Label-free' imaging tool tracks nanotubes in cells, blood for biomedical research [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 5-Dec-2011
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Emil Venere
venere@purdue.edu
765-494-4709
Purdue University

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. - Researchers have demonstrated a new imaging tool for tracking structures called carbon nanotubes in living cells and the bloodstream, which could aid efforts to perfect their use in biomedical research and clinical medicine.

The structures have potential applications in drug delivery to treat diseases and imaging for cancer research. Two types of nanotubes are created in the manufacturing process, metallic and semiconducting. Until now, however, there has been no technique to see both types in living cells and the bloodstream, said Ji-Xin Cheng, an associate professor of biomedical engineering and chemistry at Purdue University.

The imaging technique, called transient absorption, uses a pulsing near-infrared laser to deposit energy into the nanotubes, which then are probed by a second near-infrared laser.

The researchers have overcome key obstacles in using the imaging technology, detecting and monitoring the nanotubes in live cells and laboratory mice, Cheng said.

"Because we can do this at high speed, we can see what's happening in real time as the nanotubes are circulating in the bloodstream," he said.

Findings are detailed in a research paper posted online Sunday (Dec. 4) in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.

The imaging technique is "label free," meaning it does not require that the nanotubes be marked with dyes, making it potentially practical for research and medicine, Cheng said.

"It's a fundamental tool for research that will provide information for the scientific community to learn how to perfect the use of nanotubes for biomedical and clinical applications," he said.

The conventional imaging method uses luminescence, which is limited because it detects the semiconducting nanotubes but not the metallic ones.

The nanotubes have a diameter of about 1 nanometer, or roughly the length of 10 hydrogen atoms strung together, making them far too small to be seen with a conventional light microscope. One challenge in using the transient absorption imaging system for living cells was to eliminate the interference caused by the background glow of red blood cells, which is brighter than the nanotubes.

The researchers solved this problem by separating the signals from red blood cells and nanotubes in two separate "channels." Light from the red blood cells is slightly delayed compared to light emitted by the nanotubes. The two types of signals are "phase separated" by restricting them to different channels based on this delay.

Researchers used the technique to see nanotubes circulating in the blood vessels of mice earlobes.

"This is important for drug delivery because you want to know how long nanotubes remain in blood vessels after they are injected," Cheng said. "So you need to visualize them in real time circulating in the bloodstream."

The structures, called single-wall carbon nanotubes, are formed by rolling up a one-atom-thick layer of graphite called graphene. The nanotubes are inherently hydrophobic, so some of the nanotubes used in the study were coated with DNA to make them water-soluble, which is required for them to be transported in the bloodstream and into cells.

The researchers also have taken images of nanotubes in the liver and other organs to study their distribution in mice, and they are using the imaging technique to study other nanomaterials such as graphene.

###

The paper was written by doctoral student Ling Tong; postdoctoral research associate Yuxiang Liu; doctoral students Bridget D. Dolash and Yookyung Jung; biomedical engineering research scientist Mikhail N. Slipchenko; Donald E. Bergstrom, the Walther Professor of Medicinal Chemistry; and Cheng.

The research is funded by the National Science Foundation.

Writer: Emil Venere, 765-494-4709, venere@purdue.edu

Source: Ji-Xin Cheng, 765-494-4335, jcheng@purdue.edu

Related websites:
Ji-Xin Cheng: https://engineering.purdue.edu/BME/Research/Labs/Cheng
Purdue Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering: http://www.purdue.edu/bme
Purdue Department of Chemistry: http://www.chem.purdue.edu/
Chen Yang: http://www.chem.purdue.edu/people/faculty/faculty.asp?itemID=81

IMAGE CAPTION:

Researchers have demonstrated a new imaging tool for tracking structures called single-wall carbon nanotubes in living cells and the bloodstream, work that could aid efforts to perfect their use in laboratory or medical applications. Here, the imaging system detects both metallic and semiconducting nanotubes, false-colored in red and green, in live hamster cells.

A publication-quality image is available at http://news.uns.purdue.edu/images/2011/cheng-nanotubes.jpg

Abstract on the research in this release can be found at: http://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/research/2011/111205ChengNanotubes.html


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


'Label-free' imaging tool tracks nanotubes in cells, blood for biomedical research [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 5-Dec-2011
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Emil Venere
venere@purdue.edu
765-494-4709
Purdue University

WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. - Researchers have demonstrated a new imaging tool for tracking structures called carbon nanotubes in living cells and the bloodstream, which could aid efforts to perfect their use in biomedical research and clinical medicine.

The structures have potential applications in drug delivery to treat diseases and imaging for cancer research. Two types of nanotubes are created in the manufacturing process, metallic and semiconducting. Until now, however, there has been no technique to see both types in living cells and the bloodstream, said Ji-Xin Cheng, an associate professor of biomedical engineering and chemistry at Purdue University.

The imaging technique, called transient absorption, uses a pulsing near-infrared laser to deposit energy into the nanotubes, which then are probed by a second near-infrared laser.

The researchers have overcome key obstacles in using the imaging technology, detecting and monitoring the nanotubes in live cells and laboratory mice, Cheng said.

"Because we can do this at high speed, we can see what's happening in real time as the nanotubes are circulating in the bloodstream," he said.

Findings are detailed in a research paper posted online Sunday (Dec. 4) in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.

The imaging technique is "label free," meaning it does not require that the nanotubes be marked with dyes, making it potentially practical for research and medicine, Cheng said.

"It's a fundamental tool for research that will provide information for the scientific community to learn how to perfect the use of nanotubes for biomedical and clinical applications," he said.

The conventional imaging method uses luminescence, which is limited because it detects the semiconducting nanotubes but not the metallic ones.

The nanotubes have a diameter of about 1 nanometer, or roughly the length of 10 hydrogen atoms strung together, making them far too small to be seen with a conventional light microscope. One challenge in using the transient absorption imaging system for living cells was to eliminate the interference caused by the background glow of red blood cells, which is brighter than the nanotubes.

The researchers solved this problem by separating the signals from red blood cells and nanotubes in two separate "channels." Light from the red blood cells is slightly delayed compared to light emitted by the nanotubes. The two types of signals are "phase separated" by restricting them to different channels based on this delay.

Researchers used the technique to see nanotubes circulating in the blood vessels of mice earlobes.

"This is important for drug delivery because you want to know how long nanotubes remain in blood vessels after they are injected," Cheng said. "So you need to visualize them in real time circulating in the bloodstream."

The structures, called single-wall carbon nanotubes, are formed by rolling up a one-atom-thick layer of graphite called graphene. The nanotubes are inherently hydrophobic, so some of the nanotubes used in the study were coated with DNA to make them water-soluble, which is required for them to be transported in the bloodstream and into cells.

The researchers also have taken images of nanotubes in the liver and other organs to study their distribution in mice, and they are using the imaging technique to study other nanomaterials such as graphene.

###

The paper was written by doctoral student Ling Tong; postdoctoral research associate Yuxiang Liu; doctoral students Bridget D. Dolash and Yookyung Jung; biomedical engineering research scientist Mikhail N. Slipchenko; Donald E. Bergstrom, the Walther Professor of Medicinal Chemistry; and Cheng.

The research is funded by the National Science Foundation.

Writer: Emil Venere, 765-494-4709, venere@purdue.edu

Source: Ji-Xin Cheng, 765-494-4335, jcheng@purdue.edu

Related websites:
Ji-Xin Cheng: https://engineering.purdue.edu/BME/Research/Labs/Cheng
Purdue Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering: http://www.purdue.edu/bme
Purdue Department of Chemistry: http://www.chem.purdue.edu/
Chen Yang: http://www.chem.purdue.edu/people/faculty/faculty.asp?itemID=81

IMAGE CAPTION:

Researchers have demonstrated a new imaging tool for tracking structures called single-wall carbon nanotubes in living cells and the bloodstream, work that could aid efforts to perfect their use in laboratory or medical applications. Here, the imaging system detects both metallic and semiconducting nanotubes, false-colored in red and green, in live hamster cells.

A publication-quality image is available at http://news.uns.purdue.edu/images/2011/cheng-nanotubes.jpg

Abstract on the research in this release can be found at: http://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/research/2011/111205ChengNanotubes.html


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-12/pu-it120511.php

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Iowa Caucus Victory Doesn???t Necessarily Secure GOP Nomination (ContributorNetwork)

The Iowa caucus is one month away. Republican candidates for president will begin to discern how much voters approve of them Jan. 3, when Iowans choose their candidate for the GOP nominee. The Hill reports the GOP field is wide open. Newt Gingrich is moving up in the polls. Herman Cain is in crisis mode as he suspended his campaign amid allegations of an extramarital affair. Mitt Romney is trying to be victorious in Iowa where he hasn't been successful in the past.

Even if a surprise candidate wins the Iowa caucus, it's doesn't necessarily mean that person will be the Republican nominee. History isn't necessarily on the winning candidate's side.

* The Des Moines Register lists results of past caucuses. Republicans released numbers going back to 1980. A summary was only available for 1976.

* In the 1980 Iowa caucus, George Bush defeated Ronald Reagan by over 2,000 votes for the GOP choice. Reagan went on to win the Republican nomination and then the presidency with Bush as his running mate for vice president. Future candidate Bob Dole only got 1,576 votes at just 1.5 percent.

* Eight years later, Kansas Sen. Bob Dole received over 40,000 votes in the Iowa caucus on his way to a bid for the presidency. Bush came in third place with half as many votes yet he went on to win the 1988 general election over Michael Dukakis, according to the U.S. Election Atlas.

* The 1996 Iowa caucus actually got the GOP nominee correct. Dole received the overall nomination in a crowded field of nine candidates vying for votes in the "first in the nation" election. Dole won narrowly over Pat Buchanan by less than 3,000 votes.

* George W. Bush won the Iowa caucus in 2000 by a full 11 percentage points. Sen. John McCain came in fifth place with just over 4,000 votes.

* The New York Times reports the 2008 Iowa caucus was one of the more interesting in history. Former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee got over 40,000 votes while his closest competition received 29,949 votes. Romney, the current front runner, was the one who got second. McCain was the future nominee but voters wouldn't know it by his showing in Iowa. Then-Sen. Barack Obama's opponent came in a distant fourth place with just over 15,500 votes.

Even though Iowa is first in the nation when it comes to picking presidential nominees for elections, winning the Iowa caucus doesn't guarantee success nationally. Perhaps both Romney and Gingrich should realize that as they try to win the day on Jan. 3.

William Browning is a research librarian specializing in U.S. politics. Born in St. Louis, Browning is active in local politics and served as a campaign volunteer for President Barack Obama and Missouri Sen. Claire McCaskill.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/gop/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ac/20111204/pl_ac/10592215_iowa_caucus_victory_doesnt_necessarily_secure_gop_nomination

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Match.com iPhone App Pulled for Skirting In-App Purchasing Policy

Apple's App Store developer guidelines are extensive, even fatiguing, in their length and specificity, but they make one point perfectly clear: If your app includes any in-app purchases, they must be executed via Apple's own in-app purchasing platform. If you try to sneak your purchase or subscription feature around Apple's own tools, your app will get the boot -- no matter who you are, even if you're one of the largest digital dating services of all.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/GearFactor/~3/IKuxNMY-vPs/

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Sunday, December 4, 2011

The X Factor Results: This Is It For...


Two contestants were forced to say This Is It on The X Factor tonight, as a pair of hopefuls Beat It off stage in eliminations that were the result of their Michael Jackson-themed covers from the previous evening.

So, who got the boot?

The Factor Final 5

ASTRO and DREW!

Early on in the hour, the top three of Melanie Amaro, Chris Rene and Rachel Crow were passed through to the next round. Astro, the 15-year old rapper from Brooklyn was then sent packing, reacting in a far more mature manner then when he was forced to sing for his survival two weeks ago.

He hugged his fellow contestants and thanked his "Astronauts."

It then came down to Drew and Marcus Canty, with Paula Abdul casting the deciding vote for the former based on her chair-based performance from Tuesday night. Drew fought off tears, gave praise to Jesus and said she has "a lot to show" the world still.

"I think she's a little star and I think America knows she's going to be a star," Simon Cowell said of his protege.

What is your take on these eliminations?

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2011/12/the-x-factor-results-this-is-it-for/

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