Tuesday, April 30, 2013

Cubes Vs. Spheres (for Android)


Cubes vs. Spheres (99 cents) delivers exactly what it promises: level upon level of brutal warfare by geometric shapes. You take control of the spheres, which you flick at the deadly and angular cubes that march relentlessly forward against a stark, minimalist background. At your disposal are six deadly orbs, ready to unleash Euclidian death upon your foes. It's a fun little time waster, and well worth the dollar on Google Play.

Playing the Game
As the literal name suggests, gameplay is very straightforward. Each level consists of a stark white room, usually with some kind of 3D set dressing. At one end of the room is a circle with a pipe to deliver your ammunition (read: spheres) and the cubes advancing from the other side. If three cubes make it to your circle, you lose the level. You win only when you've defeated every cube.

You launch spheres by selecting a weapon and then flicking the screen?a harder flick sends the sphere soaring, a slower one rolls the orb across the floor. A palette across the screen lets you chose which sphere to launch next. When your sphere reaches its target the cube bursts into a truly satisfying confetti with a sound halfway between a fart and a gas main explosion. Unfortunately, your selfless spheroid will also be lost in the process, but its noble sacrifice will not soon forgotten.

Choose Your Sphere
Each of your spherical weapons has a specialty, including ice, explosions, nigh-invulnerability, or homing. Blue spheres are provided in unlimited quantities, but can be upgraded to split into multiple balls of death, making it easily the most valuable weapon in the game.

By far the most useful specialty "spheres" is the decoy, which is actually shaped like a cube. Once deployed, a heart appears over it, and the enemy cubes will be compelled to roll toward it. So great is their amour that they'll even pile upon the delectable decoy, only to be betrayed when it explodes beneath them. Such is love. Though the decoy's explosion is useful, the biggest benefit you get is gathering the enemy cubes into one spot.

Not to be outgunned, the Cubes have their own variations as well. Watch out for break-apart giant cubes, armored black cubes, and sneaky transparent cubes that creep into your blindspots.

Locks and Controls
Much of the content in Cubes vs. Spheres is locked, though thankfully not behind a paywall. Levels unlock as you progress, meaning you'll have to play through all the easy and medium levels before jumping into the hard ones. This certainly drives play, but it might also alienate players who are only interested in the harder levels.

When you start the game, only blue spheres are available. As you play, you can spend the points you earn to unlock other spheres, and upgrades for the blue spheres. Once you unlock a sphere, you'll have to pay more points per sphere to place them in your arsenal.

This doesn't really extend gameplay much, since you'll have more than enough points to unlock and purchase each sphere well before you finish the easy levels. What's more, I didn?t notice many instances where specific spheres would be needed to complete the level.

I also found the controls to be rather unforgiving, and it wasn't until I was nearly done with the easy levels before I felt proficient. Trying to move the camera to check you blind spots, select your sphere, aim your shot, and fire one-handed is just about impossible. The game does include an option that moves the camera as you tilt your phone, but I found this more of a hindrance than a help. A revamped interface would go a long way toward streamlining the game.

Coming Full Circle
Cubes Vs. Spheres is a fun little game that manages to make the struggle between simple 3D shapes thrilling and immersive. I was struck by how ominous the slow, persistent advance of the cubes looked, and how startling it is when they suddenly leap toward you.

However, I'd like to see some more strategic play from the game. The sphere's powers seem under-utilized, and the purchase system unnecessary. A different system, which still restricts your arsenal but puts greater emphasis on strategic play, would make this game excellent. The pieces are already there, it just needs some tweaking, lest the game devolve into Paper Toss.?

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/ziffdavis/pcmag/~3/Boa-j1b8q_A/0,2817,2418313,00.asp

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Willie Nelson smokin' in 'Hobbit' audition reel

Movies

5 hours ago

(Note: Mild vulgarity in the video.)

Mama, don't let your babies grow up to be ... orcs? Well, if Willie Nelson managed to take the role of the "Lord of the Rings'" and "The Hobbit's" Gandalf away from Ian McKellen, the script would need a little rewriting.

In a video on Conan O'Brien's "Team Coco" YouTube channel, Nelson gave audiences a taste ? or a puff ? of what he'd be like as the pipe-smoking wizard. "You shall not pass ... an unlit joint!" he intones in the video, posted Monday. "That's just not cool."

Nelson ? wearing a large floppy hat, wielding a walking stick/wand and smoking away (the one area of research we can all guarantee he's done for the role) is a hoot ? and keep an eye out for his son Micah Nelson as Bilbo Baggins.

And you know, if this doesn't pan out for Nelson (who turns 80 on Tuesday), as he notes: He'd happily step into another McKellen role ? as Magneto.

Source: http://www.today.com/entertainment/willie-nelson-smokin-audition-reel-hobbit-6C9682722

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Pusha T Announces Release Date For Solo Debut, My Name Is My Name

After working on his solo debut for over a year, the Clipse MC announces a summer release date for My Name Is My Name.
By Rob Markman

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1706542/pusha-t-my-name-is-my-name-release-date.jhtml

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Xerox Phaser 7100/N


The Xerox Phaser 7100/N is a new model in Xerox's repertoire, filling a niche as a relatively low-cost color laser printer that can print at up to tabloid size (11 by 17 inches). In that role it's a winner, with good speed and strong output quality, led by above-par graphics and slightly above-average photos. It earns an Editors' Choice for budget color laser printer.

The 7100/N lacks the natural-language color control of the Editors' Choice Xerox Phaser 7500/DN and is not designed for as massive print volumes--with a maximum monthly duty cycle of 52,000 pages, compared with the 7500/DN's 150,000 pages. It can't quite match the 7500/DN's exceptional output quality. But it brings enough to the table to become an Editors' Choice in its own right as a lower-priced tabloid color laser printer.

The two-tone (blue and white) 7100/N measures 16 by 21 by 19.7 inches (HWD) and weighs 97 pounds, so you'll need at least two people to move it into place. Still, it's lighter than the 145-pound Xerox 7500/DN. The 7100/N has a 400-sheet standard paper capacity, between a 250-sheet main tray and a 150-sheet secondary tray, both of which can fit tabloid-size (11 by 7) paper. The 7100/N lacks an automatic duplexer; another model, the 7100/DN ($1,800 direct), includes a duplexer. Up to three additional 550-sheet trays ($399 each) are available as options, as is a wireless adapter ($219), and a productivity kit whose centerpiece is a 40GB hard drive ($499).

The Xerox Phaser 7100/N has standard Ethernet and USB connectivity. I tested the Phaser over an Ethernet connection with a PC running Windows Vista. The recommended driver, which installs by default, is PostScript; users can also install PCL emulations, PDF Direct, or XPS drivers. I ran all our tests using the default PostScript driver.

Xerox Phaser 7100/N

Speed
I timed the Xerox Phaser 7100/N on the latest version of our business applications suite (as timed with QualityLogic's hardware and software), at 7.6 effective pages per minute (ppm) a good speed considering its rated print speed of 30 ppm. (Rated speeds are based on text-only printing, while our test suite combines text pages, graphics pages, and pages with mixed content.) It even edges out the Xerox Phaser 7500/DN, rated at 35 pages per minute for both color and black-and-white printing, which we timed at 7.1 ppm. I clocked the Dell 7130cdn Color Printer , rated at 35 ppm for monochrome printing and 30 ppm for color printing, at 8.3 ppm.

Output Quality
The Phaser 7100/N's text was average for lasers, which is still good enough for most every business document except for uses such as demanding desktop publishing applications requiring very small fonts.

Graphics quality is above par; graphics should be fine for any internal business use, including PowerPoint handouts, and could be used for basic marketing materials. Flaws, all minor, included some mild blotchiness in dark backgrounds, and dithering (graininess).

Photo quality was slightly above average. Most of the prints could pass as true photo quality when seen under glass at arm's length. There was some loss of detail in bright areas, and one image showed traces of banding (spurious, slightly dark streaks). The quality is easily good enough to use in company or client newsletters, and is perhaps up to use in basic advertising handouts, depending on how picky you are.

Comparison
As a budget color laser that can print up to tabloid size, the Xerox Phaser 7100/N offers good speed and good overall output quality, with above-average graphics and slightly above-par photos. The 7100/N lacks natural language software color control, one of our favorite features from the Xerox 7500/DN. Accessible through the printer's drivers, it lets people with no technical knowledge of color mixing easily tweak colors from print to print by using a series of drop-down menus, with commands such as "green colors slightly more green."

The 7100/N's output quality?though solid, with particularly good graphics quality?can't match that of the 7500/DN, which was top tier for photos and graphics and just short of top tier for text. The 7500/DN also has great paper capacity (600 sheets standard, plus auto-duplexer). The 7100/N did manage to edge the 7500/DN in printing speed, however.

The Dell 7130cdn, essentially the same printer as the Xerox 7500/DN except lacking natural-language color control, is a tad faster than the other two printers. Its output quality was similar to the 7100/N's, except the Xerox printed superior graphics in our testing. And it costs more than $1,000 more than the 7100/N.

Although the Xerox Phaser 7100/N can't match the Phaser7500/DN in features and output quality, you can get it for less than half the price, a bargain for a tabloid color laser printer. So while the 7500/DN remains the Editors' Choice as a high-end color laser tabloid printer, the 7100/N is a new Editors' Choice as a budget model. Not only is it cost effective, it adds good speed and output quality, and should be a welcome addition to small or mid-sized offices or workgroups looking for a color laser that can print at tabloid size.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/ziffdavis/pcmag/~3/zKrLRyydnzY/0,2817,2418241,00.asp

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PFT: SEC accounts for 63 picks ? a quarter of the draft

dj-haydenGetty Images

After analyzing?the draft needs of all 32 teams, PFT will review how well each team addressed those needs. Up next: The Oakland Raiders.?

What?they?needed: Defensive line, quarterback, offensive line, cornerback, tight end, wide receiver.

Who they got:
Round 1: D.J. Hayden, CB, Houston.
Round 2: Menelik Watson, OT, Florida State.
Round 3: Sio Moore, LB, Connecticut.
Round 4: Tyler Wilson, QB, Arkansas.
Round 6: Nick Kasa, TE, Colorado.
Round 6: Latavius Murray, RB, UCF.
Round 6: Mychal Rivera, TE, Tennessee.
Round 6: Stacy McGee, DT, Oklahoma.
Round 7: Brice Butler, WR, San Diego State.
Round 7: David Bass, DE, Missouri Western.

Where they hit: Hayden, who survived a freakish life-threatening internal injury suffered in November, could be the Raiders? top cornerback in short order. With the second-rounder acquired from Miami, the Raiders added Watson, a tackle prospect with upside. Moore is a good scheme fit, and Wilson could prove a very good value if he plays to his best collegiate form.

Where they missed: The Raiders didn?t draft a defensive lineman until Round Six. There?s playing time to be had for ends Bass and Jack Crawford (2012 fifth-rounder) and tackles McGee and Christo Bilukidi (2012 sixth-rounder) behind the Raiders? veteran starters, but Oakland could use a little more help at both line positions. In McKenzie?s defense, the Raiders have numerous needs, and on first analysis, he did quite well to add talent and depth in this draft.

Impact rookies: Given the state of the Raiders? roster, all 10 drafted rookies have a chance to make the team, and several could earn game-day snaps of consequence in Year One, so we?re going to cast a slightly wider net than usual here.

Hayden has the best shot to start. He should compete with Tracy Porter and Mike Jenkins right off the bat. Moore is also a player to watch; the Raiders have revamped their LB corps this offseason but don?t have any standouts. A talented fresh face has a chance to make an impact early at this position. Watson?s best opportunity to start in 2013 is at right tackle, but that?s no sure thing, given his lack of experience.

Rivera is a potential sleeper, given the Raiders? lack of a clear-cut top target at tight end after the departure of Brandon Myers. And then we come to Wilson. Matt Flynn will get first run at the starting job. Wilson will have to be a quick study to challenge Flynn and Terrelle Pryor. However, it?s not out of the realm of possibility.

Long-term prospects: Give McKenzie credit ? this roster has improved at numerous positions compared to where it stood earlier in the spring. In the best-case scenario for the Raiders? Class of 2013, these three things happen: 1) Hayden is a starter-caliber player from the get-go; 2) Watson and Wilson build on their potential; 3) the Day Three picks other than Wilson provide solid depth, with one or two panning out better than Oakland expected.

Make no mistake: the Raiders have a lot of catching up to do in the AFC West. However, there?s vast opportunity for some young players to seize some key roles. The Raiders have to hope more than a few rise to the occasion.

Source: http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2013/04/28/with-63-draft-picks-sec-produces-a-quarter-of-the-nfls-talent/related/

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Sunday, April 28, 2013

Google removes some content, but shady 'defamation' requests denied

The latest Transparency Report from Google, which lists and explains requests the company receives to restrict or remove content, shows that while the search giant is happy to respect copyright and trademark law, it won't take something down just because someone asks nicely ? or not so nicely.

The report covers the last six months of 2012, during which Google received 2,285 government requests to remove a total of 24,179 pieces of content. That's about a 20 percent increase over the previous six months.

Interestingly, much of that increase was because of Brazil, where municipal elections sparked hundreds of court orders alleging that content online was in violation of their electoral code. Judges, government attorneys, and other officials put in requests to take down blogs and videos critical (or as they alleged, defamatory) of them.

Google is appealing a large number of the cases on the grounds that the content is legal under the Brazilian Constitution ? and that isn't the only place they rebuffed requests for takedowns.

The company's notes on the report, which can be read here, list dozens of occasions where companies, officials, or private individuals requested a takedown of personally damaging content ? video, images, or accounts that someone would rather not have showing up online. Google declined in almost all cases to remove such content.

However, where a sound legal precedent existed, Google complied: Legitimate copyright takedown requests were respected, as were defamation allegations that appeared in line with a country's definition of that offense.

The most controversial Google-hosted content of all, however, remains online: "Innocence of Muslims," the inflammatory video insulting Islam remains online in most of the world despite widespread protest. 20 countries requested Google review the video, and it was found to be within the service's Community Guidelines. 17 countries requested the video's removal, and in response Google restricted viewing in 10 of them, including India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt.

Google's blog post concerning the report has some more information and links to different sections, where users can track outages and view reports and events by date or country.

Devin Coldewey is a contributing writer for NBC News Digital. His personal website is coldewey.cc.

Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653377/s/2b3e54b6/l/0L0Snbcnews0N0Ctechnology0Ctechnolog0Cgoogle0Eremoves0Esome0Econtent0Eshady0Edefamation0Erequests0Edenied0E6C9633926/story01.htm

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NASA Sun Video: Three Years Condensed Into Three-Minute Time Lapse!

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2013/04/nasa-sun-video-three-years-condensed-into-three-minute-time-laps/

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Justice Breyer Hospitalized After Accident (ABC News)

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Report: Algeria's president has mini-stroke

Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika, right, shakes hands with his South African counterpart Jacob Zuma as they pose for photographers prior to their meeting at the presidential palace in Algiers, Algeria, Monday, April 15, 2013. (AP Photo/Anis Belghoul)

Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika, right, shakes hands with his South African counterpart Jacob Zuma as they pose for photographers prior to their meeting at the presidential palace in Algiers, Algeria, Monday, April 15, 2013. (AP Photo/Anis Belghoul)

ALGIERS, Algeria (AP) ? Algeria's president was hospitalized Saturday after having a mini-stroke without serious complications, the state news agency said.

Abdelaziz Bouteflika, 76, had a brief blockage of a blood vessel ? called a transient ischemic attack ? around noon, Rachid Bougherbal, the director of the national center of sports medicine told the state news agency.

"His excellency the president of the republic must observe a period of rest for further examinations," he said, adding that "there was no reason for worry."

Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal said the president was hospitalized, "but the situation is not serious."

Bouteflika has ruled the oil-rich North African country since 1999 and has long believed to be in poor health and rarely appears in public. The state news agency rarely carries any reports on the president's health

The announcement also comes as speculation is rife that Bouteflika will run for a fourth term in presidential elections just a year away, despite promises to step down. In Algeria, power is delicately shared between civilian politicians and the powerful military.

Algeria is one of Africa's richest countries, as the No. 3 supplier of natural gas to Europe, with $190 billion in reserves, up $8 billion in the last year alone.

On Jan. 16, a band of al-Qaida affiliated militants attacked the Ain Amenas gas plant and took dozens of foreign workers hostage. After a four-day standoff, the Algerian army moved in and killed 29 attackers and captured three others. At least 37 hostages, including one Algerian worker, died in the battle.

According to the American Stroke Association, a TIA, as it is known, is caused by a temporary blood clot and lasts just a short time and "usually causes no permanent injury to the brain." A third of those suffering from TIA, also known as "warning strokes," go on to have a full stroke within the next year, according to website of the association.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-04-27-Algeria-President%20Stroke/id-e4bf422ef18c4ceda1c5ad28a03fa264

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George Jones: Why he was the greatest ever

By Matthew Diebel, NBC News

Opinion:?Johnny Cash had a stock answer to that oft-asked question, "Who is your favorite singer?" "You mean," he teased, "apart from George Jones?"

Yes, there's pretty much universal agreement among country singers that Jones, who died Friday at age 81, was the greatest of all time. From the oldies -- Cash, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard -- to the relative newbies -- Garth Brooks, Alan Jackson, Randy Travis -- all were of one mind.

And even non-country singers appreciated him -- none other than Frank Sinatra called him "the second best white singer in America." (No prizes for guessing first place)

What they loved was that rarest of combinations: a seamless voice -- no change of tone and timbre between low and high registers -- exquisite phrasing, and enough soul to rival Ray Charles and Otis Redding.

I believe, though, that there is also a case to be made that Jones was?the greatest American popular singer ever recorded. The ones usually named are Charles, Billie Holliday, Sinatra, Otis Redding and Aretha Franklin. I would argue that he has them beaten on all counts. Sinatra's phrasing, without Sinatra's forcedness. Charles's soul, without Charles's hamminess. Franklin's power, but without Franklin's screeches. Holliday's ability to laugh at his troubles, but without her self-pity. (Redding, though brilliant, was not tested by a long career.)

So, why isn't he usually mentioned among this pantheon? Why, when I bring up my Jones obsession, do people say, "Isn't that the guy who was married to Tammy Wynette?"

Partly because, somehow, he didn't manage to die young.

Also because country music has hardly ever been cool. Mostly, it has operated in its own universe, rarely crossing over into the pop world. And the artists who have had mainstream hits, such as the brilliant Patsy Cline, are about as far removed on the country spectrum from Jones as you can get.

And partly because he was drunk and/or high most of the time, a fact that made his career trajectory one of a few highs and many lows. Jones loved the music fiercely, but the limelight frightened him, a fear that led him to inoculate himself with the bottle and harder drugs, which in turn resulted, famously, in missed concerts, exasperated record companies and fuming fans. And his lack of self-control led him to sign contracts he was too bombed to understand, leaving him to be dragged into session after session to mouth lyrics that he should have known were rubbish. He put out (literally) hundreds of albums, mostly filled with trash.

Among the dreck, though, were diamonds. Quite a few, in fact, including 15 No. 1 hits (and dozens of Top 10 ones), starting with "White Lightning" in 1959. If Jones honed in on a song he liked, he put his heart and soul into it.

His biggest success came in the '70s and early '80s with such hits as "The Door" and "He Stopped Loving Her Today," the latter often cited as the greatest recorded country performance of all time. I think, though, that his best recording came in the early '60s before his long association with producer Billy Sherrill, the Nashville schlockmeister he signed with in 1972, after he met Wynette and with whom he made "He Stopped Loving Her Today.? It's not that I don't like the later material; it's just that the earlier tracks, free of the dubious delights of massed violins and warbling choruses, highlight his incredible voice. At the same time, enhanced studio technology -- including the newly created stereo -- had improved on the sound quality that marked his rudimentary early discs.

Jones was best known for his ballads, especially in the later part of his career; however, he was actually a greater master of fast-paced material. His rhythmic genius was particularly effective when matched with a tight session band, such as with "Mr. Fool," a driving honky-tonker about lost love that is perhaps the supreme recorded example of Jones's exquisite phrasing. "No one can ever call me Mr. Fool no more," runs the last line of the chorus. Each of four renditions of the phrase takes you on a spellbinding journey of his vocal arsenal -- swooping, clipping, playing with the beat, riding herd on the back-up band. In those lines, as with the rest of the song, you never know where Jones is going to lead you; at the same time, none of it sounds forced or contrived. The whole happy confection is aided by the spare production of his first producer (and discoverer), Pappy Daily.

I also think that the early '60s, when "Mr. Fool" was recorded, was when he was at his vocal peak. Writers often rave about how Sherrill persuaded Jones to explore a greater range, but the high-lonesome sound on this cut has a rawness and emotion that travels even further into the heart than his later efforts. (If you agree, "Cup of Loneliness," a 1994 double-CD, is worth the investment. It has 51 songs -- with hardly a dud -- excellent liner notes, and has been carefully re-mastered from the original recordings.)

Mark Humphrey / AP

What these songs do is breathe emotion. In his never-equaled way, Jones drifts across the beat, never failing to surprise with a speeded-up phrase or a well-placed drawn-out note. At the same time, he never made a mush of the lyrics; one of his great assets was that the listener understands every word.

Jones just sounds so sad, it's painful. He's as sad-sounding as Hank Williams at his most abject. Of course, the difference is that Jones could sing, whereas Williams only wailed. Some words are clipped, some are stretched and played with, as only Jones did. Some lines are almost whispered; others cried out -- all beautifully set up by man who really understood -- whether by design or instinct -- what to do with a lyric.

High and lonesome, but not always alone. A measure of Jones' greatness was his generosity and skill as a duetist. Most often, he took the harmony part -- the most difficult -- and never sought to dominate. His most famous duets, of course, were with third wife Wynette ("Golden Ring," "We?re Going to Hold On"), but probably his best are with Melba Montgomery in the mid-'60s. In these collaborations, he was the much bigger star and could easily have hogged the sessions. But no -- these are real duets, not a lead singer with a backup.

As a live performer, Jones was even more mixed than his records. He could be very lazy and unfocused, leading to lackluster concerts that were intensely disappointing. But when he was on, it was electrifying. I feel bad saying this, but the drunker and higher he was, the better was his performance. It seemed that the more reason was stripped from his mind, the better he sang, as if his emotions were uncontrolled and he was operating on instinct alone.

I will never forget one concert I witnessed, in the early '80s, when he was at the depth of his drinking and drugging. As was his usual pattern, he had his band, the Jones Boys, warm up the audience with several songs. But the tunes just kept on coming, and there was no George. After about six songs, there he was, literally being dragged onto the stage. "Oh, no," I thought, "he?s going to be terrible." It was the best concert I ever saw. In contrast, the ones I witnessed when he was stone-cold sober (or a near facsimile) tended to be rote and unrewarding, with Jones making light of his material -- "slobbing tear-jerkers" was how he disparaged some of his greatest songs.

Quite simply, no one else -- before, then or now -- was capable of his vocal fireworks, or at least carrying it off without making it sound like he or she is showing off. That was one of the joys of Jones: Though he had every tool at his disposal, he never used them other than to enhance the song.

That?s why he was often called "the singers? singer." Powerful, yet somehow understated. Apparently revealing raw personal emotion, but at the same time a mystery. If one were to compare him to a painter, I pick Velazquez.

Unlike Velazquez, though, who was loved and lauded by his patrons, Jones was too wild and uncompromising for the tastes of the Nashville establishment, a factor that kept him from its greatest prizes until relatively late in his career.

For instance, on the cover of one of Jones' early 1960s albums is a photo of him next to an incongruously inset picture of the Country Music Hall of Fame in Nashville. Somehow, though, Jones didn't make it in until 1992 after many inferior singers had been chosen for admission.

That's like making Babe Ruth wait until the '70s to get into Cooperstown.

Was Jones the greatest ever? Share your thoughts on our Facebook page.

Matt Diebel is a senior producer for NBCNews.com. He has been listening to George Jones since he was a teen in England. His son is named George.

Related content:

Source: http://todayentertainment.today.com/_news/2013/04/26/11292071-george-jones-the-greatest-american-pop-singer-ever-recorded?lite

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Stop Worrying, Your Internet Past Is Not Embarrassing

There's something on the internet that you desperately want to keep everyone from seeing. Something you're deeply embarrassed of. That would show all your friends how you're not actually as smart and fashionable and ironically self-aware as you pretend to be. And you really ought to get over it. More »
    


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/sVQyM6oRs58/stop-worrying-your-internet-past-is-not-embarrassing

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Saturday, April 27, 2013

Exxon earnings rise on as chemicals profits surge

Exxon says earnings rose slightly in the first quarter as profits from chemicals production surged enough to offset declining production of oil and gas. Lower taxes also helped.

Exxon reported Thursday that net income totaled $9.5 billion in the quarter, or $2.12 per share, on revenue of $108.8 billion. During last year's quarter, Exxon earned $9.45 billion, or $2 per share, on revenue of $124.1 billion.

Analysts expected Exxon to earn $2.05 per share, on average.

Exxon Mobil Corp., based in Irving, Texas, produced 3.5 percent less oil and gas in the quarter. But chemical profits rose 62 percent and the company's corporate and financing expenses fell sharply, which Exxon attributes to "favorable tax impacts."

Exxon shares fell 32 cents to $89.11 in premarket trading.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/exxon-earnings-rise-chemicals-profits-surge-123213101--finance.html

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Dual-SIM Samsung Galaxy S 4 launches in China with an Exynos 5 Octa inside

Dual-SIM Samsung Galaxy S 4 launches in China with an Exynos 5 Octa inside

Remember the leaked GT-i9502, that dual-SIM variant of the Galaxy S 4 that ultimately confirmed many rumors? That smartphone is at last exists beyond a collection of photos, as Samsung just launched it for China Unicom customers. The support for an extra cellular line is naturally the highlight, although there's another perk for GS 4 connoisseurs: the i9502 has the same 1.6GHz Exynos 5 Octa processor as the i9500, which might eke out more performance than the Snapdragon 600 models. There isn't any word on whether or not the i9502 edition will leave China, although we wouldn't count on European or North American editions when there isn't LTE inside to please 4G-obsessed carriers.

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Source: Samsung (translated)

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/04/26/dual-sim-samsung-galaxy-s-4-launches-in-china/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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Friday, April 26, 2013

Time Warner Cable revenue rises 7 percent

MADRID, April 25 (Reuters) - Liverpool goalkeeper Pepe Reina said the 10-match ban given to his team mate Luis Suarez for biting an opponent was 'absurd' and 'excessive'. Uruguay international Suarez was punished on Wednesday by the English Football Association (FA) after he bit the arm of Chelsea defender Branislav Ivanovic at the weekend. "He knows he is in the wrong, and that it was a mistake, but the 10-game punishment seems absurd to me, excessive and unfair," Spanish international Reina was quoted as telling radio station Cadena Cope by sports daily AS on Thursday. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/time-warner-cable-revenue-rises-7-percent-101021326--finance.html

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Thursday, April 25, 2013

Boston suspects' father says he's returning to US

Russian President Vladimir Putin listens to a question during an annual call-in show on Russian television "Conversation With Vladimir Putin" in Moscow on Thursday, April 25, 2013. (AP Photo/RIA Novosti, Alexei Nikolsky, Presidential Press Service)

Russian President Vladimir Putin listens to a question during an annual call-in show on Russian television "Conversation With Vladimir Putin" in Moscow on Thursday, April 25, 2013. (AP Photo/RIA Novosti, Alexei Nikolsky, Presidential Press Service)

MAKHACHKALA, Russia (AP) ? The father of the two Boston bombing suspects says he is leaving Russia soon for the United States.

Anzor Tsarnaev told journalists in the southern Russian province of Dagestan on Thursday that he is leaving "today or tomorrow."

The suspects' mother, Zubeidat Tsarnaeva, said she was still thinking it over. She was charged with shoplifting in the U.S. last summer and is concerned that she could be arrested.

Tsarnaeva said she had been assured by lawyers, however, that she would not be.

The Tsarnaev family emigrated to the U.S. a decade ago, but both parents returned to Russia last year.

THIS IS A BREAKING NEWS UPDATE. Check back soon for further information. AP's earlier story is below.

The Boston bombings should spur stronger security cooperation between Moscow and Washington, Russian President Vladimir Putin said Thursday, adding that they also show that the West was wrong in supporting militants in Chechnya.

Putin said that "this tragedy should push us closer in fending off common threats, including terrorism, which is one of the biggest and most dangerous of them."

The two brothers accused of the Boston bombings are ethnic Chechens who had lived in the U.S. for more than a decade.

Putin warned against trying to find the roots for the Boston tragedy in the suffering endured by the Chechen people, particularly in mass deportations of Chechens to Siberia and Central Asia on Soviet dictator Josef Stalin's orders. "The cause isn't in their ethnicity or religion, it's in their extremist sentiments," he said.

Speaking in an annual call-in show on state television, Putin criticized the West for refusing to declare Chechen militants terrorists and for offering them political and financial assistance in the past.

"I always felt indignation when our Western partners and Western media were referring to terrorists who conducted brutal and bloody crimes on the territory of Russia as rebels," Putin said.

The U.S. has urged the Kremlin to seek a political settlement in Chechnya and criticized rights abuses by Russian troops during the two separatist wars since 1994, which spawned an Islamic insurgency that has engulfed the entire region.

It also provided humanitarian aid to the region during the high points of fighting there in the 1990s and the early 2000s.

Russian officials have repeatedly claimed that rebels in Chechnya have close links with al-Qaida. They say dozens of fighters from Arab countries trickled into the region during the fighting there, while some Chechen militants have gone to fight in Afghanistan.

Putin said the West should have cooperated more actively with Russia in combatting terror.

"We always have said that we shouldn't limit ourselves to declarations about terrorism being a common threat and engage in closer cooperation," he said. "Now these two criminals have proven the correctness of our thesis."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-04-25-EU-Russia-Boston-Suspects/id-dc9cc3e0294a4428bf571aa9931d858f

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Five murdered in Ill. town, suspect dies after shootout

By Mary Wisniewski

CHICAGO (Reuters) - Five people were slain early on Wednesday in Manchester, Illinois, and a suspect died after a shootout with police, Illinois State Police said.

State Police spokeswoman Monique Bond confirmed the killings and also said that a 6-year-old girl had been injured and taken to hospital. Initial reports were that the victims had been shot, but Bond could not confirm this.

State Police did not discuss any motive nor did they say if the victims were related. The Chicago Tribune reported, citing relatives, that they were a grandmother, a young couple, and two children.

A suspect fled in a white Chevy Lumina, police said, citing witnesses. At about 7:13 a.m., the car was spotted and chased by state and local police who exchanged gunfire with the suspect, state police said.

About 15 minutes later, the suspect was arrested and taken to hospital, and later pronounced dead, Bond said. Police did not release the person's name.

Police said there was no reason to believe that the 300 or so residents of Manchester were in danger.

"Scott County is a small community. Fortunately, this type of thing doesn't happen very often, but this is proof they can happen," Scott County State's Attorney Michael Hill said at the news conference.

"It's been a very tragic scene," said Larry Balthis, pastor of the Manchester Baptist Church. Balthis said he knew the people involved, but he declined additional comment.

Jacksonville School District 117 was closed for the day, according to Debbie McKean, secretary to Superintendent Steve Ptacek. The school district covers 222 square miles and includes the area where the suspect was reportedly apprehended, McKean said.

(Reporting by Mary Wisniewski; Editing by Greg McCune; Editing by Lisa Von Ahn)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/five-people-reported-shot-dead-illinois-town-143459246.html

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'Teen Mom 2' star arrested for heroin

MTV file

What a difference a day makes for "Teen Mom" Jenelle Evans.

By Ashley Majeski, TODAY contributor

Less than 24 hours after she told a fan on Twitter Monday that she was "doing great...and I'm sober!" "Teen Mom 2" star Jenelle Evans was arrested in Brunswick County, N.C., and charged with possession of heroin, simple possession of a Schedule II controlled substance and possession of drug paraphernalia.

The troubled MTV star's lawyer, Dustin Sullivan, tells TODAY.com that Evans also was charged with simple assault, and failure to pay her child support payment to her mother, Barbara Evans.

Evans' husband, Courtland Rogers, was also arrested Tuesday, and has been charged with possession of heroin, as well as assault on a female.

"Courtland is currently on probation for the assault on a female charge that Jenelle filed against him in January," Sullivan said. "He recently pleaded guilty to that charge and was on probation for it when he was arrested today."

Sullivan said that Evans' charges were split up and that she received two separate court dates: one in May for the misdemeanor charges, and one in June to deal with the felony drug charges.

"She was very upset when I saw her in court," Sullivan tells TODAY.com. "She was crying in court and she denies having any involvement with the drugs that were found."

Evans, who has made two trips to rehab in the past two years, was shown on Monday night's episode of "Teen Mom 2" discussing her drug use, and took to her Twitter account Monday night to defend herself.

Sullivan said that while Evans has been bonded out of jail, Rogers was still behind bars when Evans left jail. Coincidentally, Evans' former fiance, Gary Head, turned himself into the Brunswick County Jail today to begin serving a sentence for a DWI charge.

"At one point today, Gary, Jenelle and Courtland were all in the jail behind bars at the same time," Sullivan said.

According to Sullivan, Evans wasn't on probation at the time of her arrest, but is currently prohibited from having any contact with Rogers.?

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Source: http://theclicker.today.com/_news/2013/04/23/17883386-teen-mom-2-star-jenelle-evans-tweets-about-sobriety-before-arrest-for-heroin-possession?lite

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We want your UFC 159 picks

After months and months of build-up, UFC 159 is (almost) here. The light heavyweight championship is on the line, along with other fights that have some animosity behind them. We want your picks, but we're doing things a little differently this time.

Go to Cagewriter's Facebook page and vote for who you think will win. Click on the fight for the poll that bout:

Jon Jones vs. Chael Sonnen
Alan Belcher vs. Michael Bisping
Cheick Kongo vs. Roy Nelson
Phil Davis vs. Vinny Magalhaes
Pat Healy vs. Jim Miller

If you want your picks to show up on Cagewriter next to picks from Kevin Iole and me, write in the comments why you think your choice will win. On Friday, we'll run picks and results of the poll.

Source: http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/mma-cagewriter/want-ufc-159-picks-164853317--mma.html

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Wednesday, April 24, 2013

Hagel to meet Egypt's leaders, push military ties

CAIRO (AP) ? By including Cairo on his first Mideast tour as defense secretary, Chuck Hagel is highlighting the Obama administration's hope of preserving influence with the Egyptian military as the country struggles with its transition to democracy.

After stops in Israel, Jordan and Saudi Arabia, Hagel flew to the Egyptian capital for his first face-to-face meetings with Egypt's top leaders. In their talks Wednesday, he planned to stress the value of close military ties with a country that is deeply divided in the wake of the 2011 revolution that ousted longtime President Hosni Mubarak.

Egypt was the first Arab country to sign a peace treaty with Israel. The U.S. is deeply concerned, however, that continued instability in Egypt will have broader consequences in a region already rocked by unrest, including in the increasingly lawless Sinai Peninsula.

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry visited Egypt in March and rewarded it for President Mohammed Morsi's pledges of political and economic reform by releasing $250 million in American aid.

Morsi came to power in June 2012 as Egypt's first freely elected president.

Hagel was scheduled to meet with Morsi as well as Defense Minister Abdel Fattah al-Sisi.

On Tuesday the legal adviser to Morsi resigned, alleging that the Muslim Brotherhood has monopolized decision-making and encroached on the governing of the country.

The resignation letter by Mohammed Fouad Gadallah brought the harshest criticism yet from inside the presidency. Opponents of Morsi long have accused the Brotherhood of being the real power behind the president and say the group's attempts to dominate power have fueled the country's turmoil.

Morsi, who hails from the Brotherhood, denied in a TV interview earlier this week that the group intervenes in decision-making.

Hagel flew to Cairo from Riyadh, where he met Tuesday evening with top officials, including Crown Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud, who serves as the kingdom's defense minister as well. Hagel also held talks Tuesday in Jordan and Israel.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/hagel-meet-egypts-leaders-push-military-ties-061042664--politics.html

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Irate Italian president to begin talks on new coalition

By Philip Pullella

ROME (Reuters) - Italy's president launches urgent talks on Tuesday that could see a prime minister designated after two months of post-electoral stalemate that has weighed on a stagnant economy and alarmed Rome's partners in the euro.

After directing an emotional blast of impatience on Monday at the very parliament which handed him an unprecedented - and heartily unwanted - second term as head of state at the weekend, 87-year-old Giorgio Napolitano has announced a "rapid round of consultations" with political leaders, starting early Tuesday.

Having threatened to resign if the parties continue with what he called their "irresponsibility" after the inconclusive parliamentary election of February 24 and 25, Napolitano seems determined to force the pace, and could even designate a prime minister to form a grand coalition government within the day.

One leading name is Giuliano Amato, a 75-year-old from the centre-left who has twice before been prime minister but no longer sits in parliament. Whoever is named is likely to forge a multi-party cabinet to take over from the technocrat government of outgoing Prime Minister Mario Monti, appointed in late 2011.

Though few in leadership show any appetite for holding a new election, any new administration may struggle for stability or the parliamentary backing for economic and political reforms that many argue are essential to revive Italy's competitiveness.

The centre-left narrowly won a majority in the lower house but failed to win control of the Senate and its inability since February to cut a deal with either Silvio Berlusconi's centre-right or the shock new third force of Beppe Grillo's anti-establishment 5-Star Movement has left the country in limbo.

The otherwise largely ceremonial presidency plays a key role in the process of forming coalitions and the happenstance of Napolitano reaching the end of his seven-year term while that deadlock was unresolved led to a series of failed attempts by parliament to elect a new head of state last week.

In the process, the main centre-left party fractured and its leader, Pier Luigi Bersani, resigned, adding to the complex political geometry Napolitano must now make sense of, having reluctantly agreed to be re-elected on Saturday.

PRESIDENT'S FRANKNESS

In his inaugural address to parliament on Monday, he made clear that he expected the parties to compromise and cooperate:

"I have a duty to be frank. If I find myself once again facing the kind of deafness I ran into in the past, I will not hesitate to draw the consequences," he said - a clear warning that he will resign if the party leaders fail to take heed.

He berated the parties for failing to reform a dysfunctional electoral law and accused the parties of a "long series of omissions and failures, obstruction and irresponsibility".

Financial markets welcomed his re-election and the prospect of a government with the power to take steps to revive the euro zone's third biggest economy, which is mired in recession.

Media tycoon Berlusconi was obliged to step down as prime minister in 2011 in favor of the technocrat Monti in the midst of scandal and fears of financial meltdown. But he and his People of Freedom (PDL) have emerged strengthened by the turmoil in Bersani's Democratic Party (PD).

The PDL seems likely to be involved in a coalition, but 5-Star, which won a quarter of the vote and speaks for millions of Italians utterly disillusioned with an entire political class, says it will sit in opposition in parliament.

Its founder Grillo, a stand-up comedian by profession, said any new government to emerge from negotiations would only protect the vested interests of a discredited elite.

Berlusconi's PDL has insisted it would only accept a coalition government giving it a share of power with the PD.

(Editing by Alastair Macdonald)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/emotional-italian-president-slams-parties-government-sight-181630290--business.html

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For development in Brazil, two crops are better than one

Apr. 22, 2013 ? It's not just about agriculture. Growing two crops a year in the same field improves schools, helps advance public sanitation, raises median income, and creates jobs.

New research finds that double cropping -- planting two crops in a field in the same year -- is associated with positive signs of economic development for rural Brazilians.

The research focused the state of Mato Grosso, the epicenter of an agricultural revolution that has made Brazil one of the world's top producers of soybeans, corn, cotton, and other staple crops. That Brazil has become an agricultural powerhouse over the last decade or so is clear. What has been less clear is who is reaping the economic rewards of that agricultural intensification -- average Brazilians or wealthy landowners and outside investors.

Leah VanWey, associate professor of sociology at Brown University and the study's lead author, says her results suggest at least one type of agricultural intensification -- double cropping -- is associated with development that improves well-being for average rural Brazilians.

Looking at agricultural and economic data from the last decade, VanWey found that in munic?pios (counties) where double cropping is common, GDP and median per capita income were both substantially higher. Double cropping was also associated with higher quality schools and better public sanitation. "We looked at two indicators of private goods and two indicators of public goods," VanWey said. "Overall, we find this really nice pattern of impacts on development associated with double cropping. These benefits seem to be widespread through the population."

Meanwhile, intensification to single-crop fields from pasture with low stocking rates was not associated with development gains, the research found. VanWey says that is probably because double cropping is more labor intensive, which creates jobs, and more lucrative, which creates more tax revenue that can be invested in public goods. That was evidenced by a case study of two counties within Mato Grosso that was part of this new research.

"The community with the most double cropping also has a soy processing plant that employs thousands of workers as well as complementary poultry and swine raising and processing," VanWey said. "In the long run there isn't much money in just growing things and selling them, but processing allows the local area and workers to retain more of the per-unit cost of the final product."

The findings are published in an issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B focused on agricultural development in Brazil.

Mato Grosso has drawn much attention from scholars in recent years. It is not only the heart of Brazil's agricultural production but also sits on the border of the nation's cerrada (savanna) biome and the Amazon rainforest biome. Some evidence over the last decade suggests that even as agricultural production in the state has increased, deforestation in the Amazon region has slowed. For that reason, the state is seen by many as a model for agricultural development that minimizes harm to the environment.

To understand how land use is associated with economic development, VanWey teamed with John Mustard, professor of geological sciences at Brown, and Stephanie Spera, Mustard's graduate student. Spera and Mustard used imaging from NASA's Terra satellite to track land use changes in Mato Grosso from 2000 to 2011. They captured satellite images of the region every 16 days for a year. They looked for peaks in the greenness of the fields followed by a rapid loss of greenness, indicating the ripening and subsequent harvesting of a crop. Two peaks in greenness in the same year is an indicator that a field is double-cropped. Spera and Mustard recorded images from 2000 to 2001, and again from 2010 to 2011, to see how usage had changed over the decade. They found substantial increases in both single- and double-cropped fields.

VanWey then matched those data to local economic data, with the help of Brown undergraduates Rebecca de Sa and Dan Mahr.

The research showed that intensification to single-crop fields from pasture had no effect on economic variables. Double cropping, however, was associated with strong gains. For example, where double cropping was common, median income was substantially higher. According to VanWey's calculations, median income for citizens of Mato Grosso would be decreased from 346 Brazilian reals per month (about $190) to 144 reals without the effects of double cropping. On the other hand, if all areas double cropped, monthly income would increase to 459 reals.

"[Double cropping] increases median incomes in an entire county, not just among people working in agriculture," VanWey said. "So I'm arguing that it's going to have these effects on the entire economy by providing employment that's related to the agriculture."

The positive association with public goods such as schools was strong as well. For that analysis, VanWey looked at a 10-point quality assessment scale used by the Brazilian government. She calculated that if all areas of Mato Grosso double cropped, scores on the assessment for public schools would increase from an average of 4.2 to 5.4.

The increases in measures of both personal wealth and public goods suggest widespread economic development associated with double cropping, VanWey concludes. However she's not yet ready to advocate for public policy steps like blanket subsidies for double cropping. More research needs to be done, she says, to find out why double cropping thrives in some places but not others.

She and her colleagues are working on those questions now.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Brown University.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Leah K. VanWey, Stephanie Spera, Rebecca de Sa, Dan Mahr, and John F. Mustard. Socioeconomic development and agricultural intensification in Mato Grosso. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B., 2013 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0168

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/sGEFBJoN-Lg/130422175716.htm

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Google Now may be coming to Google?s homepage

MONTE CARLO, April 21 (Reuters) - The French Open should consider protecting Rafael Nadal with a higher seeding to avoid a potential quarter-final clash with Novak Djokovic, according to Roland Garros committee member Guy Forget. Nadal, the defending French Open champion, has slipped to fifth in the world rankings after missing seven months of competition with a knee injury, and could be drawn in the same section as world number one Djokovic at next month's claycourt grand slam. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/google-now-may-coming-google-homepage-221057310.html

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Scientists map all possible drug-like chemical compounds: Library of millions of small, carbon-based molecules chemists might synthesize

Apr. 22, 2013 ? Drug developers may have a new tool to search for more effective medications and new materials.

It's a computer algorithm that can model and catalogue the entire set of lightweight, carbon-containing molecules that chemists could feasibly create in a lab.

The small-molecule universe has more than 10^60 (that's 1 with 60 zeroes after it) chemical structures. Duke chemist David Beratan said that many of the world's problems have molecular solutions in this chemical space, whether it???s a cure for disease or a new material to capture sunlight.

But, he said, "The small-molecule universe is astronomical in size. When we search it for new molecular solutions, we are lost. We don't know which way to look."

To give synthetic chemists better directions in their molecular search, Beratan and his colleagues -- Duke chemist Weitao Yang, postdoctoral associates Aaron Virshup and Julia Contreras-Garcia, and University of Pittsburgh chemist Peter Wipf -- designed a new computer algorithm to map the small-molecule universe.

The map, developed with a National Institutes of Health P50 Center grant, tells scientists where the unexplored regions of the chemical space are and how to build structures to get there. A paper describing the algorithm and map appeared online in April in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

The map helps chemists because they do not yet have the tools, time or money to synthesize all 10^60 compounds in the small-molecule universe. Synthetic chemists can only make a few hundred or a few thousand molecules at a time, so they have to carefully choose which compounds to build, Beratan said.

The scientists already have a digital library describing about a billion molecules found in the small-molecule universe, and they have synthesized about 100 million compounds over the course of human history, Beratan said. But these molecules are similar in structure and come from the same regions of the small-molecule universe.

It's the unexplored regions that could hold molecular solutions to some of the world's most vexing challenges, Beratan said.

To add diversity and explore new regions to the chemical space, Aaron Virshup developed a computer algorithm that built a virtual library of 9 million molecules with compounds representing every region of the small-molecule universe.

"The idea was to start with a simple molecule and make random changes, so you add a carbon, change a double bond to a single bond, add a nitrogen. By doing that over and over again, you can get to any molecule you can think of," Virshup said.

He programed the new algorithm to make small, random chemical changes to the structure of benzene and then to catalogue the new molecules it created based on where they fit into the map of the small-molecule universe. The challenge, Virshup said, came in identifying which new chemical compounds chemists could actually create in a lab.

Virshup sent his early drafts of the algorithm's newly constructed molecules to synthetic chemists who scribbled on them in red ink to show whether they were synthetically unstable or unrealistic. He then turned the criticisms into rules the algorithm had to follow so it would not make those types of compounds again.

"The rules kept us from getting lost in the chemical space," he said.

After ten iterations, the algorithm finally produced 9 million synthesizable molecules representing every region of the small-molecule universe, and it produced a map showing the regions of the chemical space where scientists have not yet synthesized any compounds.

"With the map, we can tell chemists, if you can synthesize a new molecule in this region of space, you have made a new type of compound," Virshup said. "It's an intellectual property issue. If you're in the blank spaces on our small molecule map, you're guaranteed to make something that isn't patented yet," he said.

The team has made the source code for the algorithm available online. The researchers said they hope scientists will use it to immediately start mining the unexplored regions of the small molecule universe for new chemical compounds.

The research was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (P50-GM067082).

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Duke University. The original article was written by Ashley Yeager.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Aaron M Virshup, Julia Contreras-Garc?a, Peter Wipf, Weitao Yang, David N. Beratan. Stochastic voyages into uncharted chemical space produce a representative library of all possible drug-like compounds.. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2013; : 130402114828001 DOI: 10.1021/ja401184g

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/59XGfriSyDc/130422154945.htm

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Tuesday, April 23, 2013

Gone, but not forgotten

Tuesday, April 23, 2013

An international team of neuroscientists has described for the first time in exhaustive detail the underlying neurobiology of an amnesiac who suffered from profound memory loss after damage to key portions of his brain.

Writing in this week's Online Early Edition of PNAS, principal investigator Larry R. Squire, PhD, professor in the departments of Neurosciences, Psychiatry and Psychology at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (VASDHS) ? with colleagues at UC Davis and the University of Castilla-La Mancha in Spain ? recount the case of EP, a man who suffered radical memory loss and dysfunction following a bout of viral encephalitis.

EP's story is strikingly similar to the more famous case of HM, who also suffered permanent, dramatic memory loss after small portions of his medial temporal lobes were removed by doctors in 1953 to relieve severe epileptic seizures. The surgery was successful, but left HM unable to form new memories or recall people, places or events post-operation.

HM (later identified as Henry Gustav Molaison) was the subject of intense scientific scrutiny and study for the remainder of his life. When he died in 2008 at the age of 82, he was popularized as "the world's most famous amnesiac." His brain was removed and digitally preserved at The Brain Observatory, a UC San Diego-based lab headed by Jacopo Annese, PhD, an assistant adjunct professor in the Department of Radiology and a co-author of the PNAS paper.

Like Molaison, EP was also something of a scientific celebrity, albeit purposefully anonymous. In 1992, at the age of 70, he was diagnosed with viral encephalitis. He recovered, but the illness resulted in devastating neurological loss, both physiologically and psychologically.

Not only did he also lose the ability to form new memories, EP suffered a modest impairment in his semantic knowledge ? the knowledge of things like words and the names of objects. Between 1994, when he moved to San Diego County, and his death 14 years later, EP was a subject of continued study, which included hundreds of different assessments of cognitive function.

"The work was long-term," said Squire, a Career Research Scientist at the VASDHS. "We probably visited his house 200 times. We knew his family." In a 2000 paper, Squire and colleagues described EP as a 6-foot-2, 192-pound affable fellow with a fascination for the computers used in his testing. He was always agreeable and pleasant. "He had a sense of humor," said Squire.

After his death, EP's brain was also processed at The Brain Observatory. The last five years have been spent parsing the data and painting a full picture of what happened to EP and why. Squire said EP's viral encephalitis infection wreaked havoc upon his brain: Large, bilateral, symmetrical lesions were found in the medial temporal lobe, portions of the brain responsible for formation of long-term memory; and whole, crucial structures were eliminated ? the amygdala and hippocampus among them. Additionally, other brain regions had atrophied and white matter ? the support fibers that transmit signals between brain structures ? had become gliotic or scarred.

Though HM is generally considered the "gold standard" of amnesia patients ? "he was the first case and studied so elegantly," said Squire ? EP provides new and surprising twists in understanding how memory functions and fails.

For example, HM's declarative memory was almost nil ? half an hour after lunch, he would have forgotten what he ate or if he had eaten at all ? but in tests, HM showed some small capacity to learn new things. "His ability to learn was nowhere close to zero," Squire said, "so the thinking was that maybe there were other ways that information was getting in, that there was something special about the capacity for learning facts."

EP undermines that notion. Due to the total destruction of specific memory-linked brain structures, EP was utterly unable to learn anything new. "It really was absolutely zero," said Squire. "That suggests there isn't any special mechanism. HM simply retained some ability because he retained some residual tissue."

Squire noted that the massive scope of EP's brain damage also appeared to trigger secondary consequences. "If a lesion gets large enough, it results in other negative changes due to the loss of connectivity," he said. In EP's case, one result was his impaired semantic knowledge, which wouldn't have been harmed by damage to medial temporal lobes, but was the consequence of subsequent atrophy in adjacent tissues.

Finally, EP presents a continuing, confounding mystery. In most patients with retrograde amnesia, memory loss is limited. They can't remember things within a few months or years of the brain impairment. In EP's case, he suffered amnesia extending back 40 to 50 years, affecting memories that theoretically should have been well-established and consolidated, though he could recall his childhood on a central California farm.

Squire said the effect is likely the result of lateral temporal damage caused as a secondary consequence of the initial disease-related brain damage. For researchers and clinicians, he said, EP is a cautionary and troubling tale.

###

University of California - San Diego: http://www.ucsd.edu

Thanks to University of California - San Diego for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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